Panic Attack

Panic Attacks: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

A panic attack is a sudden and intense episode of overwhelming fear or anxiety. During a panic attack, individuals may experience a range of physical and psychological symptoms.

Panic attacks are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder such as Social Phobia, Specific Phobia, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or Separation Anxiety Disorder.

Symptoms

Recurrent unexpected Panic Attacks, where at least one of the attacks has been followed by 1 month (or more) of one (or more) of the following:

• Rapid heart rate
• Shortness of breath
• Trembling, sweating, dizziness
• A sense of impending doom or loss of control

These symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes of the panic attack.

Causes

The exact cause of panic attacks is not fully understood. They can be triggered by various factors, including:

• Stressful life events
• History of trauma or abuse
• Family history of panic disorder
• Certain medical conditions
• Overactive "fight or flight" response in the body

Treatment

Panic attacks can be managed and treated effectively with the following approaches:

• Therapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
• Medications: Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications
• Relaxation Techniques: Deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, mindfulness
• Lifestyle Changes: Regular exercise, balanced nutrition, sufficient sleep, stress management
• Support Network: Family and friends

It's crucial to consult with a qualified healthcare professional